Category Archives: Uncategorized

Harvesting

Love this time of year as we glide through mid-summer. This marks the start of an age of abundance that will last through April and into May. Tomatoes and courgettes are the current staples, but also an abundance of plums and a regular stream of strawberries. At the same time we look forward to the coming pumpkin and peach harvest, and after that the apples and pears, feijoas, guavas, figs and then citrus.

By then it will be time to plant garlic again.

We’ve also had a large and continual supply to potatoes, enough to sell surplus at the local market and barter with friends. Organic, local spuds appear to be another one of those niche products that can be sold in our local market. The colourful Maori potatoes can fetch $5 per kilogram. We have had no trouble with pests of diseases while growing spuds here for the last 18 months. Touch wood.

 

Peace, Estwing

When Water Flows Uphill

June brought an historic flood to our city. December was the driest on record.

Climate scientists have warned us to prepare for these types of extremes. They have certainly arrived around the world, and according to predictions will only increase in frequency and severity. No matter what happens post-Paris in terms of carbon emissions, the planet is already locked into decades of volatile weather.

What is your community doing about it? What are you doing about it?

On our farm we have designed to address both drought and flood simultaneously. Here is one small example of how I am directing water to flow ‘uphill’ and over a swale to where it will be most useful to the black boy peach trees and blueberry bushes planted along the swale. The higher and longer we can hold water on the property the better. But at the same time we direct water away from buildings made of wood and steel.

This little water diversion project starts on the huge roof of our multi-shed complex. I’ve changed the spouting and run it into a section of Novaflo. In winter the same piece of Novaflo carries the water away from and to the side of the buildings. But for the dry summer I have decided to run the water uphill.

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The weight of the water is so great that I’ve had to build a ‘splint’ to support the flexible pipe from the fence to the barrel.

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Can never have too much baling twine!

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As the barrel fills, the pressure forces water through the hose fitted to the bottom of the side. The hose will eventually be covered by stone as it crosses the road.

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Then it climbs over the swale to the small pond dug behind it.

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I checked it this morning after a small 5 mm shower last night. The bottom of the pond was very damp and the end of the hose was full of water.

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Here is a reverse angle showing the water’s pathway up and over the swale. In winter the swale keeps water flowing down the hillside away from the buildings. But by the end of this dry December the ponds were dry and the small fruit trees were drying out. I was spending a lot of time watering them with a hose and decided that this project was to jump to the head of the line.

This hugelkultur swale was built one year ago and is already thriving compared with the worn out paddock around it.

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My belief is that it’s fine and good and important to talk about cutting emissions and embracing non-carbon based energy sources. But it is equally important to prepare ourselves and our communities for the extremes of both wet and dry. Good design moderates them both for the better. To me it’s all about designing and building resilient systems. This is just one small example on one small farm in the corner of the world. It was made in a morning by materials laying around the place at no cost.

What do you think you can achieve at your place?

 

Peace, Estwing

Currant Affairs

Our midwife recently invited us out to her place to pick currants.After about 40 minutes we had 2.8 kilograms. We brought them home and processed the lot into eight jars of black currant jam.

We swapped the currants for a couple of black boy peach saplings.

Last winter I pruned the currants for her and brought home the cuttings, which we propagated in the garden. About 80%-90% of them have taken, and so this winter we will plant them out – somewhere around 100 in total.

Small-Scale Agriculture: Be First or Be Best

Making it in farming is hard at every level, but especially for smaller producers. My philosophy involves minimising inputs and maximising outputs using good design and management techniques.

But at the end of a growing season there is always the challenge of selling the crop. Here my philosophy is two-fold: be first or be the best. In other words, if you can be early to market before anyone else you can charge a premium. For example, I saw sweet corn selling 3 for $5 this week!

If you can’t be first then be the best. We grow absolutely phenomenal organic garlic. For anyone who likes to eat or cook, little can compare with starting a meal with olive oil and garlic in a pan.

It is nice to see that there is a surge of interest in quality food and local food. It’s especially nice to see that many “millennials” spend their money on good food (and good beer) rather than bog standard consumerism.

I’ve been growing garlic for over a decade and this year’s crop is truly superior. With proper curing and storage we have eight months to sell it – not a problem when you’ve got the best.

Peace, Estwing

Upping the Game Against Deniers

Editor’s note: This is another weekly column in the Wanganui Chronicle.

 

It’s great to see the climate change skeptics gearing up for the COP 21 in Paris at the end of the month. They have arrived on cue with all the old tricks along with some new ones.

They’re still taking their advice from the inter-web advice trolls, the most popular remaining: ‘the climate has always changed.’ Tick.

Next up: cherry-picking data to show individual data points instead of long-term trends. Tick.

Alas, a new one: selecting old headlines about climate change that have not come to pass. Clever, our dear Chronicle letter writers, but researching the headlines was surely not your own work. Could you please include the website you got them from? A five second Google search leads me to believe it was climatedepot.com.

And then there is: those who believe the 98% of professional climate scientists and believe the mountains of data and peer-reviewed research are simply prone to living in fear and only seek to make others join them.

On this final tactic, I believe it’s callous toward thousands of New Zealand farmers who are experiencing the effects of increasingly frequent extreme weather events that impact the economic viability of their operations. Combined with volatile meat and dairy prices and high debt levels, is it any wonder that depression and suicide are major issues in rural New Zealand? Many farmers do live in fear of extended drought or devastating flooding and slips, as they could lead to foreclosure and loss of one’s life’s work.

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But I digress. The point I wanted to make is that those with a radical bent to deny the best available science will grasp at anything and everything to sway public opinion. They’re very good at it, and as a result the scientific community and the environmental movement need to be extremely careful about what we put out there.

Quality matters a lot, and this is where the sustainability movement often fails itself – by allowing and even supporting low-quality work in the public sphere. The attitude appears to be that doing anything is better than doing nothing. I disagree. In many cases well-intentioned by misdirected efforts can do more harm than good. Those in the international aid field know this all too well!

And so it is with caution and a critical eye that I view new initiatives, especially those coming from government sources. On the other side of the coin, you may imagine the delight of discovering initiatives that are both robust and courageous, such as the Local Government Leaders Climate Change Declaration:

We have come together, as a group of Mayors representing local government from across New Zealand to:

  1. acknowledge the importance and urgent need to address climate change for the benefit of current and future generations;
  2. give our support to the New Zealand Government for developing and implementing, in collaboration with councils, communities and businesses, an ambitious transition plan toward a low carbon and resilient New Zealand;
  3. encourage Government to be more ambitious with climate change mitigation measures;
  4. outline key commitments our councils will take in responding to the opportunities and risks posed by climate change; and
  5. recommend important guiding principles for responding to climate change.

We ask that the New Zealand Government make it a priority to develop and implement an ambitious transition plan for a low carbon and resilient New Zealand. We stress the benefits of early action to moderate the costs of adaptation to our communities. We are all too aware of challenges we face shoring up infrastructure and managing insurance costs. These are serious financial considerations for councils and their communities.

To underpin this plan, we ask that a holistic economic assessment is undertaken of New Zealand’s vulnerability to the impacts of climate change and of the opportunities and benefits for responding. We believe that New Zealand has much at stake and much to gain by adopting strong leadership on climate change and ambitious emission reduction targets at the UNCOP meeting in Paris in December.

Some smart and dedicated people drafted this document that includes seven guiding principles: Precaution; Stewardship/Kaitiakitanga; Equity/Justice; Anticipation; Understanding; Co-operation; and, Resilience. Spot on.

The full declaration can be viewed here: http://www.lgnz.co.nz/assets/Mayors-Climate-Change-Declaration.pdf

 

 

Death on the Farm

Warning: This post contains images of dead animals. Feel free to skip this one if you think you may be squeamish. But please tune in to the next one for an uplifting post on climate deniers and climate heroes.

 

It seems the last five months have been about death on our farm, and the neighbouring properties. It started with the dead sheep over the fence – I’ve counted around 30 so far – dating back to July.

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Here are three dead ewes at the bottom of a land slip.

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During the long, damp, cold winter we bottle fed two lambs. Babe was an amazing friend for our daughter and as spunky and loyal as a dog. He died overnight of pulpy kidney with no warning. When I found him the next morning I was devastated. I have not cried that hard in a long time.

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Then Babes step brother, Sausage, died of the same condition last week. I did not cry.

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Along with these two lambs I also found three others dead on the neighbour’s property. About a month ago this ewe died leaning against our fence and left an orphaned lamb. We rescued the lamb and rang the farmer, but he’s got bigger issues to deal with than collecting a lamb. She is still with us for now.

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It’s strange how you feel sorry for some animals when they die, but kill other ones intentionally to eat. This lamb is in our freezer.

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Pests are another huge issue for us. I buy rat poison by the 3kg bucket. Along with killing mice and rats, even the odd possum will overdose on rat poison. But the main way I kill possums is with a “humane” possum trap that breaks their necks instantaneously. I think it is a great tool, manufactured locally and reusable. I have anchored it to this frame and put it on our roof because that’s where most of the possums go at night.

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We have tallied about six possums so far, and the numbers will only increase as we move from spring into summer.

All of this death, I have to admit, has hardened my once sensitive feelings about cute little fuzzy animals. I have always been an animal lover and have rescued countless injured creatures during my life. Nowadays I shrug when I see that our cat has killed a baby rabbit. From the earth and returned to the earth – all creatures great and small.

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I remember agonising over the first chicken I killed for dinner. Now it’s easy, especially after dealing with all the heartbreak over this winter. Thanksgiving is on the horizon and there are three roosters on the menu.

Peace, Estwing

Let it Rot: Anything and Everything

Building soil structure and fertility is fundamental to most permaculture projects. Our farm is no different. At any given time we have three to five compost piles – each one cubic metre – going somewhere on the property.

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I believe in free range compost, and building piles near where the final product will be used.

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This pile had a bunch of pumpkin volunteers sprouting so I decided to let them grow. We will get up to 50 kilograms of pumpkins from these plants for very little effort.

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With a hot composting system, we run all organic matter through it, including possums, dead chooks, goats, and a few lambs that sadly died this spring.

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We have also been building hugelkutltur swales and hugelkultur mounds. Yesterday I was managing the waste stream at a large community event and brought 3 barrels of paper plates, serviettes, and food scraps home. I tipped the barrels among the branches that I have been collecting for this hugelmound. The free-range ducks helped themselves to bits of bread and sausages among the plates.

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The branches will keep the plates from blowing around in the wind until I cover the lot with soil. I have been cutting branches along the drive and around the house and feeding them to Goat Buster. He happily eats the leaves and some of the bark. Then I put the stripped branches onto the mound. GB poops out the leaves he ate and helps improve the soil of the paddock.

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Here is a hugelkultur swale we built less than a year ago. It is thriving with a diversity of plants, shrubs and trees, while moderating water flows on the farm.

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Using these holistic management techniques are already showing significant results although we have been on the property only 15 months.

 

Peace, Estwing

Editor’s Note: Here is another weekly column published in the Wanganui Chronicle.

Anyone who writes for any of our three local papers should be commended for their courage. It takes a lot more guts to express your opinions in a public forum than to talk behind people’s back. I don’t know the backstory to Kate Stewart’s column last week, but I agree with her that opinion pieces are just that: opinions.

Our city is blessed with a great number of writers who weekly share their informed opinions on some topics and random musings on others. In my opinion, the most important factor is not the quality of the opinion but rather the quality of the writing. Writing is a craft and some do it better than others. It’s the same with painting, surfing and cooking.

I have seen some shocking one-off pieces in the Chronicle, and even the periodic case of plagiarism. I hope we can all agree that plagiarism is the worst kind of bad writing, and that anyone should feel free to call those writers out in public for the indiscretion. I feel the same is true for factual misrepresentations – ie, “porkies.”

We know from the Letters page that the Chronicle will publish almost anything, but to write a regular column is a significant step up from that. Aside from quality writing, I think opinions that are original, progressive, and outside of the mainstream are more important to share in the press than those that simply reinforce the status quo or share one’s personal domestic affairs.

Interestingly, the best feedback I have received on nearly 300 pieces in the Chronicle was the one following up on Duncan Garner’s visit to the River City and some peoples’ reactionary response to it. “Spot on” summarises the feedback I got on that opinion piece.

Kate is a great writer and she has original thoughts. For these reasons she is fully qualified to write a weekly column. I suspect those that question her qualifications are simply jealous. Is it any wonder the photo accompanying Kate’s column showed a bunch of turkeys sitting on a fence?

To those turkeys I would simply say, “put up or shut up.” In other words, have the courage to write a weekly column yourself and see what feedback you get on the Letters page.

The letters page is a valuable part of the Chronicle and a number of our community members use it as an informal weekly (or more frequent) column while others treat it more like a Twitter account. Any way you slice it, our local press is an invaluable forum for us to share almost any opinion.

Another great place to share opinions is in the comments section of online articles. I especially love reading the comments that accompany articles relating to home building in New Zealand. The following comments followed a recent article in the Herald titled: Videos of building horror stories no surprise, council inspectors say.

Here is one: “What a shock the most unreliable profession in the country does shonky work, who would have thought!”

Here is another: “When money can be earned as a fast rate by getting the job done and moving onto the next one, particularly in the housing market, then quality falls out the window.

When apprenticeships are ignored in favour of hiring cheap inexperienced labour, in the same market, then quality falls out the window.

When every man and his dog can get a basic qualification from a technical school, in many trades, then quality people are few and far between.

Just a few points that impact on things like new houses or buildings that show cheap often overrides quality. Why do a job properly when you can do it cheaply and unfortunately in New Zealand, we love cheap.”

A point of clarification regarding the difference between cheap and thrifty, and specifically eco-thrifty:

Cheap in the short run is almost always expensive in the long run.

Eco-thrifty in the short run is almost always cheap in the long run.

In my experience, more problems that occur with buildings are caused by poor design rather than poor construction. While there may be some shonky builders out there, most of the shonk falls firmly on the shoulders of architects and designers – in my opinion.

Peace, Estwing